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1 - Poly (d/l) lactide-polycaprolactone/bioactive glass nanocomposites: assessments of in vitro bioactivity and biodegradability https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc341 110.52547/jcc.3.4.1 1 The in vitro assessments suggested the essential features for the bio screws applications. The effects of bioactive glass nanoparticles (BG) during in vitro studies of the poly (D/L) lactide (PDLLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)/BG nanocomposites (PPB) were assessed. The PDLLA/PCL (PP) blends were chosen as control groups. Apatite formations capabilities, weight and pH variations, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and MTT assay were assigned during different immersion times up to 6 months. The XRD and SEM results revealed the superior apatite formation of PPB in simulated body fluids (SBF) compared to PP. The weight loss and pH variation results illustrated the highest values related to PP. Moreover, the MG-63 cells cultures determined the better cell viability of the PPB compared to the PP blends. Although, there are no statistically significant differences between the two groups. In addition, similar trends are shown for the ALP results where these amounts after 2 and 3 weeks incubation are considerable for PPB in comparison to PP. However, there are also no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Overall, the in vitro bioactivity and biodegradability confirmed that the PPB implants can be promised as a proper candidate for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction screws. 0 - 206 212 Javad Esmaeilzadeh Central Research Laboratory Esfarayen University of Technology Iran j_es65@yahoo.com Saeed Hesaraki Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department Materials and Energy Research Center Iran info@jourcc.com Shokoufeh Borhan Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering Imam Khomeini International University Iran info@jourcc.com In-vitro test PDLLA/PCL Bioactive glass nanoparticles Bioactivity and Biodegradation [1] Zantop T, Weimann A, Schmidtko R, Herbort M, Raschke MJ, Petersen W, Graft laceration and pullout strength of soft-tissue anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: in vitro study comparing titanium, poly-d,l-lactide, and poly-d,l-lactide-tricalcium phosphate screws, Ar-throscopy, (2006) 22, 1204-10 ## [2] Papalia R, Vasta S, D’Adamio S, Giacalone A, Maffulli N, Denaro V, Metallic or bioabsorbable interference screw for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction?, Br Med Bull. (2014) 109, 19-29. ## [3] Debieux P, Franciozi CE, Lenza M, Tamaoki MJ, Magnussen RA, Faloppa F, Belloti JC, Bioabsorbable versus metal-lic interference screws for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (2016) 24;7:CD009772. ## [4] Moisala AS, Jarvela T, PaakkalaA , Com-parison of the bioabsorbable and metal screw fixation after ACL reconstruction with a ham-string autograft in MRI and clinical outcome: a prospective randomized study. Knee Surg Sports TraumatolArthrosc (2008) 16, 1080–1086 ## [5] Kaeding C, Farr J, Kavanaugh T, Ped-roza A. A prospective randomized comparison of bioabsorbable and titanium anterior cruciate ligament interference screws. Arthroscopy, (2005) 21, 147–151 ## [6] Bach FD, Carlier RY, Elis JB, Mompoint DM, Feydy A, Judet O, Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bio-absorbable polyglycolic acid interference screws: MR imaging follow-up Radiology (2002) 225 (2), 541-50. ## [7] Middleton J.C, Tipton A.J., Synthetic biodegradable polymers as orthopedic devices, ## Biomaterials 21 (2000) 2335–2346 ## [8] Esmaeilzadeh J, Hesaraki S, Hadavi SM, Ebrahimzadeh MH, EsfandehM , Poly (d/l) lactide/polycaprolactone/bioactive glass nanocom-posites materials for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction screws: The effect of glass sur-face functionalization on mechanical properties and cell behaviors. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. (2017) 77, 978-989 ## [9] Esmaeilzadeh J, Hesaraki. S, Ebrahimzadeh M.H, Asghari G.H, Kachooei A. 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Bioabsorbable versus titanium screws in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruc-tion using hamstring autograft: A prospective, blinded, randomized controlled trial with 5-year follow-up, Am J Sports Med, (2015) 43:1893-1901 ## [14] Park MC, Tibone JE False magnetic resonance imaging persistence of a biodegradable anterior cruciate ligament interference screw with chronic inflammation after 4 years in vivo. Arthroscopy, (2006) 22, 911-14 ## [15] War-den WH, Chooljian D, Jackson DW. Ten-year magnetic resonance imaging follow-up of bioab-sorbable poly-L-lactic acid interference screws after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy (2008) 24, 370-3 ## [16] Schmidmaier G, Baehr K, Mohr S, Kretschmar M, Beck S, Wildemann B. Biodegradable Polylactide membranes for bone defect coverage: biocompati-bility testing, radiological and histological evaluation in a sheep model. 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1 - Synthesis of Zn-Co-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings by electrodeposition with photocatalytic and antifungal activities https:https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc342 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.4.2 1 TiO2 has become the most well-known photocatalysts for solving environmental problems as a wide-band n-type semiconductor. This research aimed to coat a carbon steel substrate with Zn-Co-TiO2 nanocomposite via the electrodeposition method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the microstructure, (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) EDS analysis was used to examine the composition of the coating, and a pull-off test was used to determine the adhesion of the coating. In this regard, the electrodeposition of the coatings was carried out at the optimum conditions of 0.1 A, the concentration of TiO2 equal to 15 g/L, deposition time of 20 min, the temperature of 25.5 °C, and pH of 5-5.5 in different electrolyte compositions. Also, the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 were determined by the fungal growth on the sample surface. According to the results, the fungal growth was reduced with the increase in the TiO2 content in the coating. 0 - 213 217 Mehdi Reisi Nafchi Department of Materials Engineering Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University Iran mehdireisi62@gmail.com Reza Ebrahimi-kahrizsangi Department of Materials Engineering Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University Iran info@jourcc.com Adhesion Electrical deposition Nanocomposite Anti-fungal properties Zn-Co-TiO2 [1] E. Rosolymou, S. Spanou, C. Zanella, D.S. Tsoukleris, S. Köhler, P. Leisner, E.A. Pavlatou, Electrodeposi-tion of Photocatalytic Sn–Ni Matrix Composite Coatings Embedded with Doped TiO2 Particles, Coatings 10(8) (2020) 775. ## [2] H. Li, P. Wang, X. Yi, H. Yu, Edge-selectively amidated graphene for boosting H2-evolution activity of TiO2 photocatalyst, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 264 (2020) 118504. ## [3] M.S.F.A. Zamri, N. Sapawe, Regeneration studies of TiO2 photocatalyst for degradation of phenol in a batch system, Materials Today: Proceedings 19 (2019) 1327-1332. ## [4] A. Daniyan, L. Umoru, O. Fayomi, A. Po-poola, Structural evolution, optoelectrical and corrosion properties of electrodeposited WO3 integration on Zn-TiO2 electrolyte for defence super application, Defence Technology 14(5) (2018) 396-402. ## [5] F. Qi, H. Li, Z. Yang, J. Zhao, Y. Hu, H. Liu, Efficient reduction of CO2 to CO by Ag3PO4/TiO2 photocatalyst under ul-traviolet and visible light irradiation, Asia‐Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 15(5) (2020) e2499. ## [6] Y.W. Song, S.E. Kim, Y.G. Jung, J.Y. Yoo, J.C. Park, Controlling Nitrogen Oxide and Ultraviolet-A irradi-ance in ventilation duct system using TiO2 photocatalyst, Building and Environment 199 (2021) 107881. ## [7] M. Miyauchi, K. Sunada, K. Hashimoto, Antiviral effect of visible light-sensitive CuxO/TiO2 photocata-lyst, Catalysts 10(9) (2020) 1093. ## [8] Z. Lodhi, J. Mol, W. Hamer, H. Terryn, J. De Wit, Cathodic inhibi-tion and anomalous electrodeposition of Zn–Co alloys, Electrochimica acta 52(17) (2007) 5444-5452. ## [9] G. Roventi, T. Bellezze, R. Fratesi, Electrochemical study on the inhibitory effect of the underpotential depo-sition of zinc on Zn–Co alloy electrodeposition, Electrochimica Acta 51(13) (2006) 2691-2697. ## [10] R.S. Bhat, V.B. Shet, Development and characterization of Zn–Ni, Zn–Co and Zn–Ni–Co coatings, Surface Engi-neering 36(4) (2020) 429-437. ## [11] M. Riđošić, E. García-Lecina, A. Salicio-Paz, J. Bajat, The advantage of ultrasound during electrodeposition on morphology and corrosion stability of Zn-Co alloy coatings, Trans-actions of the IMF 98(3) (2020) 114-120. ## [12] P. Bajaj, A. Hariharan, A. Kini, P. Kürnsteiner, D. Raabe, E.A. Jägle, Steels in additive manufacturing: A review of their microstructure and properties, Materials Sci-ence and Engineering: A 772 (2020) 138633. ## [13] I. Sknar, Y. Sknar, T. Hrydnieva, P. Riabik, O. Dem-chyshyna, D. Gerasimenko, Development of a New Suspension Electrolyte Based on Methanesulphonic Acid for the Electrodeposition of Cu–TiO2 Composites, Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1(6) (2021) 109. ## [14] R. Wadhene, A. Lamouchi, I.B. Assaker, J.B. Naceur, M. Martínez-Huerta, R. Chtourou, Electrodeposition of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films onto TiO2 nanorods for photocatalytic application: Effect of depo-sition time, Inorganic Chemistry Communications 122 (2020) 108298. ## [15] R. Fratesi, G. Roventi, G. Giu-liani, C. Tomachuk, Zinc–cobalt alloy electrodeposition from chloride baths, Journal of applied electrochem-istry 27(9) (1997) 1088-1094. ## [16] H. Wei, Y.-l. Chen, W. Yu, L. Su, X. Wang, D. Tang, Study on corrosion resistance of high-strength medium-carbon spring steel and its hydrogen-induced delayed fracture, Construc-tion and Building Materials 239 (2020) 117815. ## [17] M. Jung, G. Lee, J. Choi, Electrochemical plating of Cu-Sn alloy in non-cyanide solution to substitute for Ni undercoating layer, Electrochimica Acta 241 (2017) 229-236. ## [18] B. Li, W. Zhang, D. Li, Y. Huan, J. Dong, Microstructural, surface and electrochemical prop-erties of a novel Ni–B/Ni–W–BN duplex composite coating by co-electrodeposition, Applied Surface Science 458 (2018) 305-318. ## [19] I. Bobowska, A. Wypych-Puszkarz, A. Opasinska, W. Maniukiewicz, P. Wojciechowski, Effect of heat treatment on the structure and morphology of ZnO nanorod array and its com-posite with titania precursor, Phase Transitions 90(1) (2017) 44-53. ## [20] O. Fayomi, A. Popoola, Anti-corrosion properties and structural characteristics of fabricated ternary coatings, Электронная обработка материалов 51(1) (2015). ## [21] M. Diafi, A. Aidi, B. Benhaoua, Study of Zn–Co alloy coatings modified by nano-TiO2 particles incorporation, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures (DJNB) 15(3) (2020). ## [22] G. Mohammadnezhad, M.M. Momeni, F. Nasiriani, Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of tin oxide decorated tungsten oxide doped TiO2 nanotube by electrodeposition for water splitting, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 876 (2020) 114505. ## [23] M. Shourgeshty, M. Aliofkhazraei, A. Karimzadeh, R. Poursalehi, Corrosion and wear properties of Zn–Ni and Zn–Ni–Al2O3 multilayer electrodeposited coatings, Materials Research Express 4(9) (2017) 096406. ## [24] M. Ibrahim, J.B. Agboola, A.S. Abdulkareem, O. Adedipe, J.O. Tijani, Anti-Corrosion Behaviour of Silver-Cobalt Oxide-Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites Coated Mild Steel in Sea water, (2020). ## [25] M. Amiriafshar, M. Rafieazad, X. Duan, A. Nasiri, Fabrica-tion and coating adhesion study of superhydrophobic stainless steel surfaces: The effect of substrate surface roughness, Surfaces and Interfaces 20 (2020) 100526. ## [26] I.-D. Utu, R. Muntean, I. Mitelea, Corrosion and Wear Properties of Zn-Based Composite Coatings, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 29(8) (2020) 5360-5365. ## [27] J.E.A. Qudeiri, A. Zaiout, A.-H.I. Mourad, M.H. Abidi, A. Elkaseer, Principles and characteristics of different EDM processes in machining tool and die steels, Applied Sciences 10(6) (2020) 2082. ## [28] D.S. Kharitonov, A.A. Kasach, D.S. Sergievich, A. Wrzesińska, I. Bobowska, K. Darowicki, A. Zielinski, J. Ryl, I.I. Kurilo, Ultrasonic-assisted electrodeposition of Cu-Sn-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings with enhanced antibacterial activity, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 75 (2021) 105593. ## [29] S. Nasibi, K. Alimo-hammadi, L. Bazli, S. Eskandarinezhad, A. Mohammadi, N. Sheysi, TZNT alloy for surgical implant applica-tions: A systematic review, Journal of Composites and Compounds 2(3) (2020) 62-68. ## [30] A. Najafidoust, S. Allahyari, N. Rahemi, M. 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1 - Recent progress of filtration mechanism to fabricate the effective COVID-masks: A review https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc343 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.4.3 1 In the present pandemic/epidemic, individuals all over the world are living in a scenario where the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the etiologic agent for COVID-19, has impacted every area of their existence, whether socially or economically, in the year 2020. Because the germs of this airborne sickness can be spread from an infected person to others when sneezing, coughing, or speaking more individuals are using face masks. Face masks, as well as proper hand cleanliness and physical separation, are recommended for preventing COVID-19 transmission. Facemasks can cause allergies and skin problems in certain people. We offered an approach to infuse natural bioactive compounds in the nanofibers of textile fabric in this brief review. Anti-allergenic, anti-inflammatory, and odorless, the proposed facemasks will be identified. In this study, we discuss current developments that have an impact on the filtering efficiency of mask materials. 0 - 218 229 Rupinder Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Chandigarh University India info@jourcc.com Zahra Rabiei Dolatabadi Anatomical Sciences Department Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran info@jourcc.com Nalini Tripathi Department of Community Medicine VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital India info@jourcc.com Shamim Mukhtar College of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of the Punjab Pakistan info@jourcc.com Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff Research Professor American University of Sovereign Nations (AUSN) USA info@jourcc.com Fernando G. Morais Institute of Physics University of São Paulo Brazil info@jourcc.com Parisa Shafiee Catalyst and Nano Material Research Laboratory (CNMRL) Iran University of Science and Technology Iran Parisashafiee603@gmail.com COVID-19 Facemasks Filtration Electrospinning Nanofber-Based Filter Media [1] M.H. Chua, W. Cheng, S.S. Goh, J. Kong, B. Li, J.Y.C. Lim, L. Mao, S. Wang, K. Xue, L. Yang, E. Ye, K. Zhang, W.C.D. Cheong, B.H. Tan, Z. Li, B.H. Tan, X.J. Loh, Face Masks in the New COVID-19 Normal: Ma-terials, Testing, and Perspectives, Research (Washington, D.C.) 2020 (2020) 7286735. ## [2] J. Howard, A. Huang, Z. Li, Z. Tufekci, V. Zdimal, H.-M. van der Westhuizen, A. von Delft, A. Price, L. Fridman, L.-H. Tang, An evidence review of face masks against COVID-19, Proceedings of the National Academy of Scienc-es 118(4) (2021). ## [3] S. Rengasamy, B. Eimer, R.E. Shaffer, Simple respiratory protection—evaluation of the filtration performance of cloth masks and common fabric materials against 20–1000 nm size particles, Annals of occupational hygiene 54(7) (2010) 789-798. ## [4] N.H. Leung, D.K. Chu, E.Y. Shiu, K.-H. Chan, J.J. McDevitt, B.J. Hau, H.-L. Yen, Y. Li, D.K. Ip, J.M. Peiris, Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks, Nature medicine 26(5) (2020) 676-680. ## [5] J.W. Tang, T.J. Liebner, B.A. Cra-ven, G.S. Settles, A schlieren optical study of the human cough with and without wearing masks for aerosol infection control, Journal of the Royal Society Interface 6(suppl_6) (2009) S727-S736. ## [6] D. Kharaghani, M.Q. Khan, A. Shahrzad, Y. Inoue, T. Yamamoto, S. Rozet, Y. Tamada, I.S. Kim, Preparation and In-Vitro As-sessment of Hierarchal Organized Antibacterial Breath Mask Based on Polyacrylonitrile/Silver (PAN/AgNPs) Nanofiber, Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 8(7) (2018). ## [7] N. Wang, M. Cai, X. Yang, Y. Yang, Elec-tret nanofibrous membrane with enhanced filtration performance and wearing comfortability for face mask, Journal of colloid and interface science 530 (2018) 695-703. ## [8] A. Konda, A. Prakash, G.A. Moss, M. Schmoldt, G.D. Grant, S. Guha, Aerosol Filtration Efficiency of Common Fabrics Used in Respiratory Cloth Masks, ACS Nano 14(5) (2020) 6339-6347. ## [9] A. Davies, K.-A. Thompson, K. Giri, G. Kafatos, J. Walker, A. Bennett, Testing the efficacy of homemade masks: would they protect in an influenza pandemic?, Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 7(4) (2013) 413-418. ## [10] C.M. Dugdale, R.P. Walensky, Filtra-tion efficiency, effectiveness, and availability of N95 face masks for COVID-19 prevention, JAMA Internal Medicine 180(12) (2020) 1612-1613. ## [11] A. Tcharkhtchi, N. Abbasnezhad, M. Zarbini Seydani, N. Zirak, S. Farzaneh, M. Shirinbayan, An overview of filtration efficiency through the masks: Mechanisms of the aero-sols penetration, Bioactive Materials 6(1) (2021) 106-122. ## [12] A. Mostaghimi, M.J. Antonini, D. Plana, P.D. Anderson, B. Beller, E.W. Boyer, A. Fannin, J. Freake, R. Oakley, M.S. Sinha, L. Smith, C. Van, H. Yang, P.K. Sorger, N.R. LeBoeuf, S.H. Yu, Regulatory and Safety Considerations in Deploying a Locally Fabricated, Reusable Face Shield in a Hospital Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Med (New York, N.Y.) 1(1) (2020) 139-151.e4. ## [13] M. Tebyetekerwa, Z. Xu, S. Yang, S. Ramakrishna, Electrospun nanofibers-based face masks, Advanced Fiber Materials 2(3) (2020) 161-166. ## [14] G. Qiu, Z. Gai, Y. Tao, J. Schmitt, G.A. Kullak-Ublick, J. Wang, Dual-functional plasmonic photothermal biosensors for highly accurate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detection, ACS nano 14(5) (2020) 5268-5277. ## [15] K. O’Dowd, K.M. Nair, P. Forouzandeh, S. Mathew, J. Grant, R. Moran, J. Bartlett, J. Bird, S.C. Pillai, Face Masks and Respira-tors in the Fight Against the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Current Materials, Advances and Future Per-spectives, Materials 13(15) (2020). ## [16] J. Phua, L. Weng, L. Ling, M. Egi, C.-M. Lim, J.V. Divatia, B.R. Shrestha, Y.M. Arabi, J. Ng, C.D. Gomersall, M. Nishimura, Y. Koh, B. Du, Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations, The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 8(5) (2020) 506-517. ## [17] S. Sousan, N. Garcia, A. White, J.A. Balanay, Filtration efficiency of surgical sterilization fabric for respiratory protection during COVID-19 pandemic, American Journal of Infection Con-trol 49(1) (2021) 1-7. ## [18] M.H. Bagheri, I. Khalaji, A. Azizi, R.T. Loibl, N. Basualdo, S. Manzo, M.L. Gorrepati, S. Mehendale, C. Mohr, S.N. 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1 - Application of nano compounds for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of SARS-coronavirus: A review https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc344 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.4.4 1 Coronavirus disease, also called COVID-19, a universal health concern, has a?ected more than 200 countries after its declaration as a pandemic on 11 March 2020 by the World Health Organization, WHO. COVID-19 results due to SARS-CoV-2 entrance into the epithelial cells of the human’s lung. Recently, nanotechnology has turned to be a great promising method used in the medical feld regarding viruses. By mitigating infection, nanotechnology plays an important part in the diagnostics, prevention, and therapeutic approaches for controlling COVID-19. The development of nanomaterials for viral disease is based on preventive measures and disinfectants, diagnostic devices, and therapeutic drugs or vaccines to transfer antiviral drugs into the human body. Being at the same scale as viruses, nanoparticles can replicate the functional and structural properties of viruses, and nanomaterials can be the best substitute for developing vaccines. A broad range of nanostructures, including gold, silver, zinc, graphene, carbon, liposomes, and polymeric compounds, have antiviral activity and can be employed in vaccine development or inactivation of the virus. 0 - 230 246 Ahmed Hamad Saleh Biology Department University of Kirkuk Iraq info@jourcc.com Dharmendra Kumar Department of Pharmacy Galgotias University India info@jourcc.com Ivo Sirakov Department of Medical Microbiology Medical University of Sofia Bulgaria info@jourcc.com Parisa Shafiee Catalyst and Nano Material Research Laboratory (CNMRL) Iran University of Science and Technology Iran Parisashafiee603@gmail.com Mehrnoosh Arefian Department of Biochemistry Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch Iran info@jourcc.com SARS-coronavirus Nanocompounds COVID-19 Nanotechnology [1] W.H. 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1 - A comprehensive review of bioactive glass: synthesis, ion substitution, application, challenges, and future perspectives https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc345 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.4.5 1 Bioactive glass (BG) and glass-ceramics (GC) have been employed for bone treatment tissue engineering applications. Bioactive glasses/bioglasses can be considered promising materials for bone-regenerative scaffolds fabrication, owing to the adaptable properties that make them appropriately be designed regarding their composition. The essential properties of bioactive glasses, enabling them to be applied in the engineering of bone tissue, can be explained as their potential to augment differentiation osteoprogenitor and cells of mesenchymal stem cells, enzyme activity, osteoblast adhesion, and revascularization. Much research is conducted for the development of phosphate glasses, borate/borosilicate BGs, and silicate. Accordingly, some metal-based glasses have also been surveyed for tissue engineering uses, technologically and biomedically. Many rare elements can also be incorporated in the network of the glass to achieve promising properties, possessing a positive influence on the associated angiogenesis and/or remodeling of bone. This review motivates for providing an overview toward bioactive glasses’ general requirements, composition, production, and impact of ion substitution on bioactive glass. Attention has also been given to developments of bioactive glass applications in bone grafting, bone regeneration, drug delivery, dental implant coatings, antibacterial agents, and soft tissue engineering as well as challenges and future perspectives. 0 - 247 261 Varinder Pal Singh Sidhu Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ryerson University Canada info@jourcc.com Roger Borges Center of Humanities and Natural Sciences Brazil info@jourcc.com Mohammad Yusuf Department of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Malaysia info@jourcc.com Shirin Mahmoudi semiconductor institute materials and energy research center Iran shirin2020mahmoudi@gmail.com Shamimeh Fallah Ghorbani Visveswarapura Institute of Pharmaceutical Science Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Science India info@jourcc.com Mahdi Hosseinikia Department of Inorganic Chemical Processing University of Science and Technology (IUST) Iran info@jourcc.com Peyman Salahshour School of Science and Technology The University of Georgia Georgia info@jourcc.com Farnaz Sadeghi Department of Biomedical Engineering Islamic Azad University Iran info@jourcc.com Mehrnoosh Arefian Department of Biochemistry Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch Iran info@jourcc.com Tissue engineering Synthesis Bioglass Bioactive glass [1] D.S. 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1 - A review on the mechanical properties of synthetic and natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites and their application in the transportation industry https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc346 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.4.6 1 The application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has achieved significant attention in the industry of transportation, specifically as metal substitutes due to a need for fabricating stable and fuel-efficient airplanes, vehicles, and ships. Excellent strength, resistance to corrosion, lightweight, and suitable fatigue endurance are some of the desirable properties that would encourage the use of FRP composites in the transportation sector. Polymer-based composite materials, combining the favorable properties of both polymer matrix and reinforcing fibers, can contribute to several excellent behaviors of the obtained material. Epoxy, polyethylene, and polypropylene are the primary polymer matrices used in FRP composites. The main reinforcing fibers incorporated in fiber-reinforced composites are made out of glass, carbon, basalt, hemp, or natural resources (e.g., sisal and jute). Due to high cost, low Young's modulus, low durability, and linear stress?strain behavior to failure of the FRP materials, which are used in transportation infrastructure, the objective of this review article is to study the recent aspect of reinforced polymers with a close focus on their mechanical properties in order to evaluate their application in maritime, automotive, and aerospace. 0 - 262 274 Leila Bazli School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Iran info@jourcc.com Milad Bazli College of Engineering, IT and Environment Charles Darwin University Australia Milad.Bazli@cdu.edu.au Fiber-reinforced composites Polymer composites Mechanical properties Transportation industry [1] A.V. Oskouei, A. Jafari, M. Bazli, R. 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1 - An overview of materials, processing, and applications for wearable electronics https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc347 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.4.7 1 Wearable electronics are gaining widespread attention because of the potential applications of them in systems of wearable human care and health monitoring. These new devices are probably a collection of different applications like batteries, sensors, displays, and so on. In these respects, conductive fibers, inks, and fabrics were examined. On the field, three materials categories including carbon, metal, and polymer-based materials were investigated. Materials of carbon have advantages like good electrical conductivity, structural and inherent flexibility, high thermal and chemical stability, light weight, ease of chemical operation, and potential production of mass, enabling them to be a good candidate for wearable and flexible electronics. Conducting polymers have a number of drawbacks in their natural state; however, by combining them with other materials, these drawbacks can be solved. Conducting polymer composites have a wide range of applications in optoelectronic, electronic, and electrical sectors due to their synergetic effects. Liquid metal was bestowed with new-emerging characteristics and multifunctional applications. Due to the high surface tension and limited adherence on many surfaces, the manufacturing approach of patterning liquid metals on flexible substrates has received a lot of attention up to now. The current state of wearable materials as actuators and fabrication processes are discussed in this review paper. 0 - 275 290 Mohammad Yusuf Department of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Malaysia info@jourcc.com Sara Eskandarinezhad Department of Mining and Metallurgy Yazd University Iran s.eskandari.nezhad@gmail.com Wearable electronics Conductive fibers Sensors Conductive fabrics Fabrication methods [1] J.S. Heo, J. Eom, Y.H. Kim, S.K. Park, Recent progress of textile‐based wearable electronics: a compre-hensive review of materials, devices, and applications, Small 14(3) (2018) 1703034. ## [2] C. Wang, K. Xia, H. Wang, X. Liang, Z. Yin, Y. Zhang, Advanced carbon for flexible and wearable electronics, Advanced mate-rials 31(9) (2019) 1801072. ## [3] S. Gong, W. Cheng, One‐dimensional nanomaterials for soft electronics, Advanced Electronic Materials 3(3) (2017) 1600314. ## [4] S. Yao, P. Swetha, Y. Zhu, Nanomaterial-enabled wearable sensors for healthcare. 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