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1 - Mechanical and electrochemical behaviors assessments of Aluminum Graphene Oxide composites fabricated by mechanical milling and repetitive upsetting extrusion https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc331 110.52547/jcc.3.3.1 1 This study is aimed to fabricate the Aluminium-graphene oxide (Al-GO) composites with different concentration of GO (0.5, 1, and 2 wt. %) at 300 °C using repetitive upsetting extrusion (RUE) technique. Uniform dispersion of GO nanoplates throughout the matrix was obtained by sequence processes including the ultrasonicating, ball milling and RUE. The microstructure of composites was investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and Raman analysis. The results confirmed that the Al-1GO illustrated the uniform and homogenous dispersion of GO into the Al matrix. Raman results confirm the absence of aluminum carbide phase formation during the RUE process. The mechanical properties results show the greater hardness, compressive strength and yield strength of Al-1GO than other ones. This 500% enhancement of Al-1GO in mechanical behavior may be related to desired dispersion of GO throughout the matrix. Current density of the Al matrix corrosion significantly increased from 2.65 to 15.21 (µA/cm2), when the amount of GO increased from 0 to 2 wt. % due to galvanic corrosion at the presence of the GO reinforcement. 0 - 152 158 Amirhossien Bahri Faculty of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Semnan University Iran info@jourcc.com Reza Askarnia Faculty of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Semnan University Iran rezaaskarnia96@semnan.ac.ir Javad Esmaeilzadeh Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering Esfarayen University of Technology Iran info@jourcc.com Sajede Roueini Fardi Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering K.N. Toosi University of Technology Iran info@jourcc.com Al matrix Graphene oxide Composites Mechanical properties Hardness Repetitive upsetting extrusion [1] S.T. Mavhungu, E.T. Akinlabi, M.A. Onitiri, F.M. Varachia, Aluminum Matrix Composites for Industrial Use: Advances and Trends, Procedia Manuf. 7 (2017) 178–182. ## [2] M. Re-zayat, A. Akbarzadeh, A. Owhadi, Production of high strength Al-Al 2O 3 composite by accu-mulative roll bonding, Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 43 (2012) 261–267. ## [3] S.P. Dwivedi, Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of Al/B4C metal matrix composite, Mater. Today Proc. 25 (2019) 751–754. ## [4] S.M.A.K. Mohammed, D.L. Chen, Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites, Adv. Eng. Mater. 22 (2020) 1901176. ## [5] S.R. Fardi, H. khorsand, R. Askarnia, R. Pardehkhorram, E. Adabifiroozjaei, Improvement of bio-medical functionality of titanium by ultrasound-assisted electrophoretic deposition of hydroxy-apatite-graphene oxide nanocomposites, Ceram. 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1 - Investigation of the flocculation and sedimentation of TiO2 nanoparticles in different alcoholic environments through turbidity measurements https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc332 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.3.2 1 Turbidimeters are low-cost devices, which are widely used for suspended sediment monitoring (SSM). The specific turbidity is typically relative to 1/d (d is the diameter of particles) regarding the suspensions with mono-sized sphere-shaped particles. As the production of the dispersed suspension of TiO2-NPs is vital for their photocatalysis applications, turbidity provides a test to measure the dispersion of TiO2-NPs. In the present paper, the performance of a self-manufactured turbidimeter device has been investigated using the suspensions of TiO2-NPs in different alcoholic media. The results showed that over time, the intensity of light passing through the upper part of the test tube containing TiO2-NPs suspension increased, suggesting the settlement of TiO2 nanoparticles. In the middle part of the test tube; however, an almost stable trend was observed, which was more evident in the case of isopropanol with higher viscosity. The results also illustrated that there was no relation between the concentration of suspension and the value of transmitted light for concentration below 0.08 g/l; however, for concentrations above that, the intensity of transmitted light decreased with the increase of suspension concentration. 0 - 159 163 Naghmeh Abavi Torghabeh Department of Nano-Technology and Advanced Materials Materials and Energy Researcher Centre Iran naghmeabavi@yahoo.com Babak Raissi Department of Nano-Technology and Advanced Materials Materials and Energy Researcher Centre Iran info@jourcc.com Reza Riahifar Department of Nano-Technology and Advanced Materials Materials and Energy Researcher Centre Iran info@jourcc.com Maziar Sahbayaghmaee Department of Nano-Technology and Advanced Materials Materials and Energy Researcher Centre Iran info@jourcc.com Zahra Minaei Bidgoli School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) Iran info@jourcc.com Turbidity Turbidimeter TiO2-NPs Alcoholic media Suspension Suspended sediment monitoring [1] M.A. Ghorbani, R. Khatibi, V.P. Singh, E. Kahya, H. Ruskeepää, M.K. Saggi, B. Sivakumar, S. Kim, F. Salmasi, M.H. Kashani, Continuous monitoring of suspended sediment concentra-tions using image analytics and deriving inherent correlations by machine learning, Scientific reports 10(1) (2020) 1-9. ## [2] B. Roux, E. Alekseenko, Sedimentary dynamics of muddy sed-iments in a narrow and shallow channel confluencing a wide reservoir in a windy area, Пермские гидродинамические научные чтения, 2020, pp. 20-20. ## [3] Woodard, I. Curran, 5 - Waste Characterization, in: Woodard, I. Curran (Eds.), Industrial Waste Treatment Hand-book (Second Edition), Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington, 2006, pp. 83-126. ## [4] J.I.F. Slaets, P. Schmitter, T. Hilger, M. Lamers, H.-P. Piepho, T.D. Vien, G. Cadisch, A turbidity-based method to continuously monitor sediment, carbon and nitrogen flows in mountainous wa-tersheds, Journal of Hydrology 513 (2014) 45-57. ## [5] D. Felix, I. Albayrak, R.M. Boes, In-situ investigation on real-time suspended sediment measurement techniques: Turbidimetry, acoustic attenuation, laser diffraction (LISST) and vibrating tube densimetry, International Journal of Sediment Research 33(1) (2018) 3-17. ## [6] Y. Wang, Y. Peng, Z. Du, H. Lin, Q. Yu, Calibrations of Suspended Sediment Concentrations in High-Turbidity Waters Using Dif-ferent In Situ Optical Instruments, Water 12(11) (2020) 3296. ## [7] L. Schenk, H. Bragg, Sed-iment transport, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen responses to annual streambed drawdowns for downstream fish passage in a flood control reservoir, Journal of Environmental Management 295 (2021) 113068. ## [8] J. Downing, Twenty-five years with OBS sensors: The good, the bad, and the ugly, Continental Shelf Research 26(17) (2006) 2299-2318. ## [9] G.H. Merten, P.D. Capel, J.P.G. Minella, Effects of suspended sediment concentration and grain size on three op-tical turbidity sensors, Journal of Soils and Sediments 14(7) (2014) 1235-1241. ## [10] R. Me-ral, A study on the estimating of sediment concentration with turbidity and acoustic backscatter signal for different sediment sizes, Hydrology Research 47(2) (2015) 305-311. ## [11] E.C. TEIXEIRA, P.C. CALIARI, Estimation of the concentration of suspended solids in rivers from turbidity measurement: error assessment, Sediment Budgets 1 (Proceedings of symposium S1 held during the Seventh IAHS Scientific Assembly at Foz do Iguaçu) 291 (2005). ## [12] R. Amfo-Otu, J.B. Agyenim, G.B. Nimba-Bumah, Correlation Analysis of Groundwater Coloura-tion from Mountainous Areas, Ghana, Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 67 (2014) 16-24. ## [13] C.E. Boyd, Particulate Matter, Turbidity, and Color, in: C.E. 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1 - Chemical, thermal, and microstructural characterization of polyethylene terephthalate composites reinforced with steel slag geopolymer waste https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc333 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.3.3 1 The search for sustainable materials has grown globally due to the struggle against environmental impacts. From the recycling of PET packaging and the use of steel mill slag residue, from the steel production, it was developed in this work composites of PET matrix with additions of geopolymer obtained from steel mill slag. The composites were produced with concentrations of 0, 20, 40, and 60% of geopolymer and were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, DSC, and SEM. The XRD analyses indicated the presence of mineral constituents referring to the geopolymer in the composites. Through the thermal analyses, it was observed that the addition of geopolymer promoted the increase in thermal stability, besides increasing the crystallinity in concentrations of 40 and 60% of geopolymer. From the micrographs, it was observed that the addition of reinforcement changed the morphology of the material, promoting an increase in the porosity of the material. From the characterizations, it is possible to state that the addition of geopolymers in the PET matrix produces low-cost composites with good properties and can be used in engineering applications. 0 - 164 170 Eliziane Medeiros Santos Department of Materials Science Military Institute of Engineering Brazil elizianemsantos@gmail.com Flávio James Humberto Tommasini Vieira Ramos Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil info@jourcc.com Pedro Henrique Poubel Mendonça da Silveira Mohammadi Department of Materials Science Military Institute of Engineering Brazil info@jourcc.com Sérgio Neves Monteiro Department of Materials Science Military Institute of Engineering Brazil info@jourcc.com Alaelson Vieira Gomes Department of Materials Science Military Institute of Engineering Brazil info@jourcc.com PET Composites Geopolymer Steel Slag Waste Thermal Characterization Waste Reuse Chemical Characterization [1] S. Wang, W. Yan, F. 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1 - Synergistic effects of ferric sulfate addition and mechanical activation on leaching of Sarcheshmeh copper sulfide concentrate https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc334 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.3.4 1 In this paper, the leaching of a sulfide concentrate, from “Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex”, by sulfuric acid is studied. The influences of sulfuric acid concentration and leaching temperature were scrutinized to optimize the processing parameters and to disclose the kinetics of the extraction process. The leaching rate of copper was not significantly improved with enhancing the temperature and concentration of sulfuric acid. The formation of elemental sulfur was found as a reducer of the leaching rate. Only ~70% of copper was extracted by adding 1M ferric sulfate as the oxidant agent, as well as increasing the leaching temperature up to 85 °C. By leaching the mechanically activated concentrate in Fe2(SO4)3-doped H2SO4 at 85 °C, the amount of extracted copper was ~90% after 180 min. The experimental results were excellently fitted with the diffusion-controlled kinetic model as the activation energy of ~27 kJ/mol was estimated. 0 - 171 175 Mehdi Shahedi Asl Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Iran shahedi@uma.ac.ir Hekmat Razavizadeh School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Iran info@jourcc.com Leaching Copper Sulfide concentrate Ferric sulfate Mechanical activation [1] G. Liu, Y. Wu, A. Tang, D. Pan, B. Li, Recovery of scattered and precious metals from copper anode slime by hydrometallurgy: A review, Hydrometallurgy. 197 (2020) 105460. ## [2] R. Vracar, L. Saljic, M. Sokic, V. Matkovic, S. Radosavljevic, Chemical-technological processing of the complex barite-sulphide ore, Scand. J. Metall. 32 (2003) 289–295. ## [3] Q. Zhang, S. Wen, Q. 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1 - A numerical model for investigation of dynamic behavior and free vibration of functionally graded cylindrical helical springs https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc335 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.3.5 1 The aim of this paper is to investigate the free vibration of functional-graded (FG) cylindrical helical springs. Model differential equations of homogeneous helical springs are extended to the vibration of FG helical springs. The equations are discretized using finite difference method for space. The time dependent equations are solved using a GMRES method. The initial axial and rotational displacements are applied at the free end of the spring manually and then released. The validated numerical model is then adopted to establish the effects of the FG material index on the model natural frequencies obtained by FFT analysis. According to the results, in both homogeneous and FG helical springs, the amplitudes of axial and rotational displacements increase as they approach the free end of the spring. The numerical results indicate that the FG material index strongly affects the dynamic behavior of the cylindrical helical springs. The amplitudes of the oscillations are damped efficiently and by increasing the material gradient index. 0 - 176 181 Zohreh Ebrahimi Department of Mechanical Engineering Payeme Noor University Iran z.ebrahimi@pnu.ac.ir Masoud Abasi Atibeh Department of Mechanical Engineering Payeme Noor University Iran info@jourcc.com FG material Helical spring Axial and rotational displacement Gradient index [1] W. Jiang, W. Jones, T. Wang, and K. Wu, Free vibration of helical springs, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 58(1) (1991) 222-228. ## [2] J. Banerjee and F. 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1 - A review on zinc oxide composites for energy storage applications: solar cells, batteries, and supercapacitors https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc336 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.3.6 1 Zinc oxide (ZnO) is used for various purposes because of its special physico-chemical properties, including large band gap, high binding energy of exciton, nontoxicity, high chemical and thermal stability, large piezoelectric constants, and wurtzite crystal structure with various and widespread applications in electronics, optoelectronics, biochemical sensing, biomedical, and energy-saving systems. This review mainly aimed to present the recent improvement in ZnO-based composite materials with utilization in energy storage systems with a specific focus on lithium-ion batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, and supercapacitors. The first part of this paper looks at the structure and properties of ZnO and then describes some of the most common synthesizing methods of ZnO composites, including electrochemical, chemical, solvo/hydrothermal, and physical deposition methods. Finally, the recent advancement of ZnO-based composite materials applied in energy storage systems was discussed. 0 - 182 193 Vu Khac Hoang Bui Department of BioNano Technology Gachon University Korea info@jourcc.com M. Krishna Kumar Department of Physics School of Advanced Sciences India info@jourcc.com Mahdi Alinaghibeigi Department of Chemical Engineering Hamedan University of Technology Iran info@jourcc.com Sreejesh Moolayadukkam Energy Materials Laboratory Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences India info@jourcc.com Sara Eskandarinejad Department of Mining and Metallurgy Yazd University Iran s.eskandari.nezhad@gmail.com Shirin Mahmoudi Semiconductor Department Materials and Energy Research Center Iran info@jourcc.com Sadegh Mirzamohammadi Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Technical and Vocational University (TVU) Iran info@jourcc.com Mojdeh Rezaei-khamseh Arts et Metiers ParisTech MSMP France info@jourcc.com ZnO Battery Dye-sensitized solar cells Supercapacitor Energy storage applications [1] Y. Wang, X. Xiao, H. Xue, H. Pang, Zinc Oxide Based Composite Materials for Advanced Supercapaci-tors, ChemistrySelect 3(2) (2018) 550-565. ## [2] A.S. Farooqi, M. Yusuf, N.A.M. 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1 - Preparation of bioactive polymer-based composite by different techniques and application in tissue engineering: A review https://www.jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc337 https://doi.org/10.52547/jcc.3.3.7 1 Tissue engineering (TE) employs biological, chemical, and engineering methods to regenerate and restore injured or lost living tissues by applying biologically activated biomaterials, cells, and molecules. The fast and convenient restoration of tissue is a great challenge, emphasizing the need to imitate tissue structure and its physicochemical, biological, and mechanical behavior to give back the desired functionality of damaged tissue. Depending on the particular tissue, numerous requirements have to be fulfilled with the help of material and scaffold design that provides a base for cell adhesion and proliferation. As a result, countless biodegradable and bioresorbable materials have been extensively examined. Composite systems combine the benefits of bioactive ceramics and polymers, which seem to be good alternatives for bone tissue engineering. This article intends to introduce bioactive polymer, tissue engineering methods, the kinds of biomaterials applied in scaffold invention, and the different approaches to producing the bioactive polymer-based composites with various structures such as porous, membrane, and 3D structure. Biomaterials and invention techniques could crucially influence the consequences of the scaffold's design architectures, cell proliferation, and mechanical behavior. Moreover, an excellent scaffold assists cell generation and the provision of cell nutrients in the human body with their particular material characteristics. 0 - 194 205 Mohammad Azad Alam Mechanical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi Petronas Malaysia info@jourcc.com Mohammad Hamed Asoushe Hot Deformation and Thermomechanical Processing Laboratory of High-Performance Engineering Materials University of Tehran Iran info@jourcc.com Pouran Pourhakkak Department of Chemistry Payame Noor University Iran info@jourcc.com Lukas Gritsch Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont Université Clermont Auvergne France info@jourcc.com Alireza Alipour Medical Biotechnology Research Center Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University Iran info@jourcc.com Somaye Mohammadi Department of Organic Chemistry University of Kashan Iran mohamadi_s65@yahoo.com Scaffold Tissue engineering Biodegradable Bioresorbable polymer-based composites Activated biomaterials Bioactive polymer-based composite [1] M.S. 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