Carbon-based materials and their composites as Li-ion battery anodes: A review en en Providing powerful, sustainable, and green energy sources is one of the most difficult challenges for maintain-ing a cleaner environment today. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), as effective energy storage devices, have gained lots of attention because of their relatively low self-discharge rate, high energy density, and rapid response. Since the efficiency of LIBs is significantly dependent on electrode materials, special consideration has been given to the design of different electrodes. Carbon-based materials are considered as promising LIB anode materials because of their unique structural, electrical, and mechanical properties. Nonetheless, more research is still needed to identify most optimal carbonaceous materials for improving the electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of anodes. In this regard, transition metals and silicon (Si), as high-capacity materials, can be combined with carbon to create high-potential LIBs. This paper reviews various carbonaceous materials and their composites used as LIB anodes. Finally, present challenges and future outlook on these anodes are presented. ©2022 JCC Research Group. 124 139 Belma Fakić Metallographic laboratory, Institute “Kemal Kapetanović” in Zenica University of Zenica B and H info@jourcc.com Aniket Kumar School of Engineering and Technology Shobhit University India info@jourcc.com Mohammad Alipour Department of Materials Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Iran info@jourcc.com Aqeel Abbas Department of Materials science and Engineering National Taiwan University China info@jourcc.com Elahe Ahmadi Department of Materials Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Iran elaheahmadi71@gmail.com Nastaran Nikzad Department of Chemistry Sharif University of Technology Iran info@jourcc.com Parisa Shafiee School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Iran info@jourcc.com Carbon materials Composites Lithium-ion batteries Anodes Cathodes Article7.pdf [1] V.K.H. Bui, M.K. Kumar, M. Alinaghibeigi, S. 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