Surface modification of metallic orthopedic implants for anti-pathogenic characteristics en en Bacterial infection is one of the main reasons for the long-term failure of orthopedic implants. Despite remarkable progression in antimicrobial drugs, implant-associated infection (IAI) remains difficult to treat, which is resulted from bacterial resistance against antibiotics. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop alternative approaches. The present review highlights surface modification of the orthopedic implants as a promising approach to inhibit bacterial infection. This approach can be classified into two groups: (1) bacteriostatic (anti-adhesive), and (2) bactericidal (contact-killing/release-killing) surfaces. Their combination, which is considered as bacteriostatic-bactericidal bi-functional surface, can provide a more robust approach against dangerous pathogenic species. New approaches and future perspectives in this inspiring field are also provided. 47 58 Varinder Pal Singh Sidhu Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ryerson University Canada info@jourcc.com Juliana Marchi Center of Natural Science and Humanities Federal University of ABC Brazil info@jourcc.com Roger Borges Center of Natural Science and Humanities Federal University of ABC Brazil info@jourcc.com Elahe Ahmadi Department of Materials Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Iran elaheahmadi71@gmail.com Metallic implants Anti-pathogenic Surface coating Surface modification Article6.pdf [1] A. Nouri, C. Wen, Introduction to surface coating and modification for metallic biomaterials, Surface Coating and Modification of Metallic Biomaterials (2015) 3-60. ## [2] A. Pandey, A. Awasthi, K.K. Saxena, Metallic implants with properties and latest production techniques: a review, Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 6(2) (2020) 405-440. ## [3] R. Asri, W. Harun, M. 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