﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<XML>
  <ISCJOURNAL>   
    <YEAR>2020</YEAR>
    <VOL>2</VOL>
    <NO>2</NO>
    <MOSALSAL>2</MOSALSAL>
    <PAGE_NO>9</PAGE_NO> 
    <ARTICLES>
      <ARTICLE> 
        <LANGUAGE_ID>1</LANGUAGE_ID>					
        <TitleF/>
        <TitleE>Production methods of CNT-reinforced Al matrix composites: a review</TitleE> 
        <URL>https://jourcc.com/index.php/jourcc/article/view/jcc211</URL>
        <DOI>10.29252/jcc.2.1.1</DOI>
        <DOR>20.1001.1.26765837.2020.2.2.1.9</DOR>		
        <ABSTRACTS>
          <ABSTRACT>         
            <LANGUAGE_ID>1</LANGUAGE_ID>          
            <CONTENT>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced aluminum composites have attracted attention due to their high specific strength low density, which makes them suitable for the use in aerospace and automobile industries. In this review, preparation methods of Al/CNTs composites for achieving a homogeneous desperation of the CNT in the Al matrix are summarized. In addition, the effect of processing methods on carbon nanotube distribution and enhancement of mechanical properties such as toughness, wear behavior and hardness of the nanocomposites are reviewed. Improvement of mechanical characteristics was observed by the incorporation of carbon nanotubes in aluminum matrix. The strengthening factors gained by the carbon nanotubes addition are the interface of metal and CNTs and the chemical and structural stability of CNTs.</CONTENT>
          </ABSTRACT>
         </ABSTRACTS>
        <PAGES>
          <PAGE>
            <FPAGE>1</FPAGE>
            <TPAGE>9</TPAGE>
          </PAGE>
        </PAGES>
        <AUTHORS>
          <AUTHOR>           
            <Name/>
            <MidName/>
            <Family/>
            <NameE>Iman</NameE>
            <MidNameE/>
            <FamilyE>Tajzad</FamilyE>
            <Organizations>
              <Organization>Majlesi Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU)</Organization>
            </Organizations>
            <Countries>
              <Country>Iran</Country>
            </Countries>
            <EMAILS>
              <Email>i_tajzad@yahoo.com</Email>
            </EMAILS>
          </AUTHOR>
          <AUTHOR>
            <Name/>
            <MidName/>
            <Family/>
            <NameE>Ehsan</NameE>
            <MidNameE/>
            <FamilyE>Ghasali</FamilyE>
            <Organizations>
              <Organization>Materials and Energy Research Center</Organization>
            </Organizations>
            <Countries>
              <Country>Iran</Country>
            </Countries>
            <EMAILS>
              <Email>info@jourcc.com</Email>
            </EMAILS>
          </AUTHOR>
        </AUTHORS>
        <KEYWORDS>
          <KEYWORD>           
            <KeyText>Metal Matrix Composites</KeyText>
          </KEYWORD>
          <KEYWORD>           
            <KeyText>Nanocomposite</KeyText>
          </KEYWORD>
          <KEYWORD>           
            <KeyText>Spark Plasma Sintering</KeyText>
          </KEYWORD>
          <KEYWORD>           
            <KeyText>Powder Metallurgy</KeyText>
          </KEYWORD>
          <KEYWORD>           
            <KeyText>Mechanical Properties</KeyText>
          </KEYWORD>
        </KEYWORDS>
        <PDFFileName>Article1.pdf</PDFFileName>
		<REFRENCES>
          <REFRENCE>  		  
            <REF>[1] V.S. Rizi, F. Sharifianjazi, H. Jafarikhorami, N. Parvin, L.S. Fard, M. Irani, A. Esmaeilkha-nian, Sol–gel derived SnO2/Ag2O ceramic nanocomposite for H2 gas sensing applications, Ma-terials Research Express 6(11) (2019) 1150g2.##[2] S.A. Delbari, B. Nayebi, E. Ghasali, M. Shokouhimehr, M.S. Asl, Spark plasma sintering of TiN ceramics codoped with SiC and CNT, Ceramics International 45(3) (2019) 3207-3216.##[3] Y. Orooji, M.R. Derakhshandeh, E. Gha-sali, M. Alizadeh, M.S. Asl, T. Ebadzadeh, Effects of ZrB2 reinforcement on microstructure and mechanical properties of a spark plasma sintered mullite-CNT composite, Ceramics Interna-tional  (2019).##[4] E. Asadi, A. Fassadi Chimeh, S. Hosseini, S. Rahimi, B. Sarkhosh, L. Bazli, R. Bashiri, A.H. Vakili Tahmorsati, A Review of Clinical Applications of Graphene Quantum Dot-based Composites, Composites and Compounds 1(1) (2019).##[5] F.S. Jazi, N. Parvin, M. Tahriri, M. Alizadeh, S. Abedini, M. Alizadeh, The relationship between the synthesis and morphology of SnO2-Ag2O nanocomposite, Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry 44(5) (2014) 759-764.##[6] F.S. Jazi, N. Parvin, M. Ra-biei, M. Tahriri, Z.M. Shabestari, A.R. Azadmehr, Effect of the synthesis route on the grain size and morphology of ZnO/Ag nanocomposite, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research 13(5) (2012) 523-526.##[7] Y. Orooji, A.a. Alizadeh, E. Ghasali, M.R. Derakhshandeh, M. Alizadeh, M.S. Asl, T. Ebadzadeh, Co-reinforcing of mullite-TiN-CNT composites with ZrB2 and TiB2 compounds, Ceramics International 45(16) (2019) 20844-20854.##[8] L. Bazli, A. Khavandi, M.A. Boutorabi, M. Karrabi, Morphology and viscoelastic behavior of silicone rub-ber/EPDM/Cloisite 15A nanocomposites based on Maxwell model, Iranian Polymer Journal 25(11) (2016) 907-918.##[9] L. Bazli, A. Khavandi, M.A. Boutorabi, M. Karrabi, Correlation between viscoelastic behavior and morphology of nanocomposites based on SR/EPDM blends compatibilized by maleic anhydride, Polymer 113 (2017) 156-166.##[10] V. Balouchi, F.S. Jazi, A. Saidi, Developing (W, Ti) C-(Ni, Co) nanocomposite by SHS method, Journal of Ce-ramic Processing Research 16(5) (2015) 605-608.##[11] A. Moghanian, F. Sharifianjazi, P. Abachi, E. Sadeghi, H. Jafarikhorami, A. Sedghi, Production and properties of Cu/TiO2 nano-composites, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 698 (2017) 518-524.##[12] R. George, K. Kashyap, R. Rahul, S. Yamdagni, Strengthening in carbon nanotube/aluminium (CNT/Al) com-posites, Scripta Materialia 53(10) (2005) 1159-1163.##[13] S. Sivananthan, S. Gnanasekaran, J.S.C. Samson, Preparation and Characterization of Aluminium Nanocomposites Based on MWCNT, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Trans Tech Publ, 2014, pp. 30-38.##[14] D. Sin-gla, K. Amulya, Q. Murtaza, CNT reinforced aluminium matrix composite-a review, Materials Today: Proceedings 2(4-5) (2015) 2886-2895.##[15] L. Bazli, M. Siavashi, A. Shiravi, A Re-view of Carbon nanotube/TiO2 Composite prepared via Sol-Gel method, Journal of Composites and Compounds 1(1) (2019) 1-12.##[16] A. Esawi, K. Morsi, A. Sayed, M. Taher, S. Lanka, Ef-fect of carbon nanotube (CNT) content on the mechanical properties of CNT-reinforced alu-minium composites, Composites Science and Technology 70(16) (2010) 2237-2241.##[17] R. Tenne, Inorganic nanotubes and fullerene-like nanoparticles, Nature Nanotechnology 1(2) (2006) 103-111.##[18] H. Choi, G. Kwon, G. Lee, D. Bae, Reinforcement with carbon nano-tubes in aluminum matrix composites, Scripta Materialia 59(3) (2008) 360-363.##[19] S.R. Bakshi, D. Lahiri, A. Agarwal, Carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composites-a review, International materials reviews 55(1) (2010) 41-64.##[20] H. Kwon, D.H. Park, J.F. Silvain, A. Kawasaki, Investigation of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials, Composites Science and Technology 70(3) (2010) 546-550.##[21] J.-z. Liao, M.-J. Tan, I. Sri-dhar, Spark plasma sintered multi-wall carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix compo-sites, Materials and Design 31 (2010) S96-S100.##[22] M.F. De Volder, S.H. Tawfick, R.H. Baughman, A.J. Hart, Carbon nanotubes: present and future commercial applications, science 339(6119) (2013) 535-539.##[23] K. Morsi, A. Esawi, S. Lanka, A. Sayed, M. Taher, Spark plasma extrusion (SPE) of ball-milled aluminum and carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum composite powders, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 41(2) (2010) 322-326.##[24] J. Wu, H. Zhang, Y. Zhang, X. Wang, Mechanical and thermal properties of carbon nanotube/aluminum composites consolidated by spark plasma sintering, Materials and Design 41 (2012) 344-348.##[25] A. Takakura, K. Beppu, T. Nishihara, A. Fukui, T. Kozeki, T. Nama-zu, Y. Miyauchi, K. Itami, Strength of carbon nanotubes depends on their chemical structures, Nature Communications 10(1) (2019) 3040.##[26] L. Jiang, Z. Li, G. Fan, L. Cao, D. Zhang, The use of flake powder metallurgy to produce carbon nanotube (CNT)/aluminum composites with a homogenous CNT distribution, Carbon 50(5) (2012) 1993-1998.##[27] Z. Liu, B. Xiao, W. Wang, Z. Ma, Singly dispersed carbon nanotube/aluminum composites fabricated by pow-der metallurgy combined with friction stir processing, Carbon 50(5) (2012) 1843-1852.##[28] M.S. Mustaffa, R.a.S. Azis, N.H. Abdullah, I. Ismail, I.R. Ibrahim, An investigation of micro-structural, magnetic and microwave absorption properties of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4, Scientific Reports 9(1) (2019) 15523.##[29] Q. Liu, L. Ke, F. Liu, C. Huang, L. Xing, Microstructure and mechanical property of multi-walled carbon nanotubes re-inforced aluminum matrix composites fabricated by friction stir processing, Materials and De-sign 45 (2013) 343-348.##[30] J. Liao, M.-J. Tan, A simple approach to prepare Al/CNT com-posite: Spread–Dispersion (SD) method, Materials Letters 65(17-18) (2011) 2742-2744.##[31] C. Deng, D. Wang, X. Zhang, A. Li, Processing and properties of carbon nanotubes reinforced aluminum composites, Materials Science and engineering: A 444(1-2) (2007) 138-145.##[32] S. Xiang, X. Wang, M. Gupta, K. Wu, X. Hu, M. Zheng, Graphene nanoplatelets induced heter-ogeneous bimodal structural magnesium matrix composites with enhanced mechanical proper-ties, Scientific Reports 6(1) (2016) 38824.##[33] S. Iijima, Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, nature 354(6348) (1991) 56.##[34] A.A. Green, M.C. Hersam, Processing and proper-ties of highly enriched double-wall carbon nanotubes, Nature Nanotechnology 4(1) (2009) 64-70.##[35] A.A. White, S.M. Best, I.A. Kinloch, Hydroxyapatite–carbon nanotube composites for biomedical applications: a review, International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology 4(1) (2007) 1-13.##[36] Z. Spitalsky, D. Tasis, K. Papagelis, C. Galiotis, Carbon nanotube–polymer composites: chemistry, processing, mechanical and electrical properties, Progress in polymer science 35(3) (2010) 357-401.##[37] L. Wang, Z. Yang, Y. Cui, B. Wei, S. Xu, J. Sheng, M. Wang, Y. Zhu, W. Fei, Graphene-copper composite with micro-layered grains and ultrahigh strength, Scientific Reports 7(1) (2017) 41896.##[38] A.V. Krasheninnikov, F. Ban-hart, Engineering of nanostructured carbon materials with electron or ion beams, Nature Mate-rials 6(10) (2007) 723-733.##[39] L. Zhang, Q. Wei, J. An, L. Ma, K. Zhou, W. Ye, Z. Yu, X. Gan, C.-T. Lin, J. Luo, Construction of 3D interconnected diamond networks in Al-matrix composite for high-efficiency thermal management, Chemical Engineering Journal 380 (2020) 122551.##[40] R.J.M. Palma, J.M.M. Duart, Basic Properties of Low-Dimensional Structures, Nanotechnology for Microelectronics and Photonics, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 81-105.##[41] A. Ma-soudian, A. Tahaei, A. Shakiba, F. Sharifianjazi, J.A. Mohandesi, Microstructure and mechani-cal properties of friction stir weld of dissimilar AZ31-O magnesium alloy to 6061-T6 alumi-num alloy, Transactions of nonferrous metals society of China 24(5) (2014) 1317-1322.##[42] E. Ghasali, P. Sangpour, A. Jam, H. Rajaei, K. Shirvanimoghaddam, T. Ebadzadeh, Microwave and spark plasma sintering of carbon nanotube and graphene reinforced aluminum matrix com-posite, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 18(4) (2018) 1042-1054.##[43] M. Alizadeh, M. Paydar, F.S. Jazi, Structural evaluation and mechanical properties of nanostruc-tured Al/B4C composite fabricated by ARB process, Composites Part B: Engineering 44(1) (2013) 339-343.##[44] A. Esmaeilkhanian, F. Sharifianjazi, A. Abouchenari, A. Rouhani, N. Parvin, M. Irani, Synthesis and Characterization of Natural Nano-hydroxyapatite Derived from Turkey Femur-Bone Waste, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology  (2019) 1-14.##[45] C. Tatar, N. Özdemir, Investigation of thermal conductivity and microstructure of the α-Al2O3 particulate reinforced aluminum composites (Al/Al2O3-MMC) by powder metallurgy method, Physica B: Condensed Matter 405(3) (2010) 896-899.##[46] S. Naher, D. Brabazon, L. Looney, Computational and experimental analysis of particulate distribution during Al–SiC MMC fab-rication, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 38(3) (2007) 719-729.##[47] A. Slipenyuk, V. Kuprin, Y. Milman, J. Spowart, D. Miracle, The effect of matrix to reinforce-ment particle size ratio (PSR) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a P/M pro-cessed AlCuMn/SiCp MMC, Materials Science and engineering: A 381(1-2) (2004) 165-170.##[48] R. Jamaati, M. Toroghinejad, Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Al2O3 MMC produced by anodising and cold roll bonding, Materials Science and Technology 27(11) (2011) 1648-1652.##[49] R.N. Yadav, R.K. Porwal, J. Ramkumar, Experimental Modeling of EDMed Aluminum Metal Metrix Composite: A Review, Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engi-neering, Springer2020, pp. 511-518.##[50] B. Duan, Y. Zhou, D. Wang, Y. Zhao, Effect of CNTs content on the microstructures and properties of CNTs/Cu composite by microwave sin-tering, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 771 (2019) 498-504.##[51] R. Zheng, N. Li, Z. Zhan, Friction and wear behavior of Cu-La2O3 composite sliding against 52100 bearing steel in vacu-um, Vacuum 161 (2019) 55-62.##[52] F. Czerwinski, Cerium in aluminum alloys, Journal of Materials Science  (2020) 1-49.##[53] Z. Wang, K. Georgarakis, K.S. Nakayama, Y. Li, A.A. Tsarkov, G. Xie, D. Dudina, D.V. Louzguine-Luzgin, A.R. Yavari, Microstructure and mechan-ical behavior of metallic glass fiber-reinforced Al alloy matrix composites, Scientific Reports 6(1) (2016) 24384.##[54] E. Ghasali, M. Alizadeh, T. Ebadzadeh, A. hossein Pakseresht, A. Rahbari, Investigation on microstructural and mechanical properties of B4C–aluminum matrix composites prepared by microwave sintering, Journal of Materials Research and Technology 4(4) (2015) 411-415.##[55] A. Masoudian, M. Karbasi, F. SharifianJazi, A. Saidib, Developing Al2O3-TiC in-situ nanocomposite by SHS and analyzingtheeffects of Al content and mechanical activation on microstructure, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research 14(4) (2013) 486-491.##[56] E.H. Jazi, R. Esalmi-Farsani, G. Borhani, F.S. Jazi, Synthesis and Characterization of In Situ Al-Al13Fe4-Al2O3-TiB2 Nanocomposite Powder by Mechanical Alloying and Subse-quent Heat Treatment, Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry 44(2) (2014) 177-184.##[57] S. Abedini, N. Parvin, P. Ashtari, F. Jazi, Microstruc-ture, strength and CO2 separation characteristics of α-alumina supported γ-alumina thin film membrane, Advances in Applied Ceramics 112(1) (2013) 17-22.##[58] E. Ghasali, Y. Palizdar, A. Jam, H. Rajaei, T. Ebadzadeh, Effect of Al and Mo addition on phase formation, mechanical and microstructure properties of spark plasma sintered iron alloy, Materials Today Communi-cations 13 (2017) 221-231.##[59] H. Majidian, E. Ghasali, T. Ebadzadeh, M. Razavi, Effect of heating method on microstructure and mechanical properties of zircon reinforced aluminum composites, Materials Research 19(6) (2016) 1443-1448.##[60] D. Gong, L. Jiang, J. Guan, K. Liu, Z. Yu, G. Wu, Stable second phase: The key to high-temperature creep performance of par-ticle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, Materials Science and Engineering: A 770 (2020) 138551.##[61] E. Ghasali, K. Shirvanimoghaddam, M. Alizadeh, T. Ebadzadeh, Ultra-low tem-perature fabrication of vanadium carbide reinforced aluminum nano composite through spark plasma sintering, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 753 (2018) 433-445.##[62] E. Ghasali, A.H. Pakseresht, M. Agheli, A.H. Marzbanpour, T. Ebadzadeh, WC-Co particles reinforced aluminum matrix by conventional and microwave sintering, Materials Research 18(6) (2015) 1197-1202.##[63] E. Ghasali, K. Shirvanimoghaddam, A.H. Pakseresht, M. Alizadeh, T. Ebadzadeh, Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-TaC composites pre-pared by spark plasma sintering process, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 705 (2017) 283-289.##[64] M. Surappa, Aluminium matrix composites: Challenges and opportunities, Sadhana 28(1-2) (2003) 319-334.##[65] D.S. Namdeo, G. Subhash, V. Jagadale, Effect of Hybrid Rein-forcement on Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Based Matrix Composite, Techno-Societal 2018, Springer2020, pp. 1009-1016.##[66] Q. Liu, F. Wang, X. Qiu, D. An, Z. He, Q. Zhang, Z. Xie, Effects of La and Ce on microstructure and properties of SiC/Al composites, Ceramics In-ternational 46(1) (2020) 1232-1235.##[67] M.M. Bastwros, A.M. Esawi, A. Wifi, Friction and wear behavior of Al–CNT composites, Wear 307(1-2) (2013) 164-173.##[68] C. Shao, S. Zhao, X. Wang, Y. Zhu, Z. Zhang, R.O. Ritchie, Architecture of high-strength aluminum–matrix composites processed by a novel microcasting technique, NPG Asia Materials 11(1) (2019) 69.##[69] N. Chawla, V. Ganesh, B. Wunsch, Three-dimensional (3D) microstructure visualiza-tion and finite element modeling of the mechanical behavior of SiC particle reinforced alumi-num composites, Scripta materialia 51(2) (2004) 161-165.##[70] M. Bazli, H. Ashrafi, A. Jafa-ri, X.-L. Zhao, H. Gholipour, A.V. Oskouei, Effect of thickness and reinforcement configura-tion on flexural and impact behaviour of GFRP laminates after exposure to elevated tempera-tures, Composites Part B: Engineering 157 (2019) 76-99.##[71] K. Shirvanimoghaddam, S.U. Hamim, M.K. Akbari, S.M. Fakhrhoseini, H. Khayyam, A.H. Pakseresht, E. Ghasali, M. Zabet, K.S. Munir, S. Jia, Carbon fiber reinforced metal matrix composites: Fabrication processes and properties, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 92 (2017) 70-96.##[72] T. Kuzumaki, K. Miyazawa, H. Ichinose, K. Ito, Processing of carbon nanotube reinforced alumi-num composite, Journal of materials Research 13(9) (1998) 2445-2449.##[73] R. Zhong, H. Cong, P. Hou, Fabrication of nano-Al based composites reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes, Carbon 41(4) (2003) 848-851.##[74] A. Maiti, T. Laha, Study of distribution of Carbon nanotube in Al-CNT nanocomposite synthesized via Spark-Plasma sintering, IOP Con-ference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing, 2018, p. 012014.##[75] D. Chunfeng, X. ZHANG, M. Yanxia, W. Dezun, Fabrication of aluminum matrix composite rein-forced with carbon nanotubes, Rare Metals 26(5) (2007) 450-455.##[76] W. Salas, N. Alba-Baena, L. Murr, Explosive Shock-Wave consolidation of aluminum Powder/Carbon nanotube aggregate mixtures: optical and electron metallography, Metallurgical and Materials Transac-tions A 38(12) (2007) 2928-2935.##[77] T. Laha, Y. Chen, D. Lahiri, A. Agarwal, Tensile prop-erties of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum nanocomposite fabricated by plasma spray forming, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 40(5) (2009) 589-594.##[78] T. Laha, Y. Liu, A. Agarwal, Carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum nanocomposite via plasma and high velocity oxy-fuel spray forming, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology 7(2) (2007) 515-524.##[79] T. Laha, A. Agarwal, Effect of sintering on thermally sprayed carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum nanocomposite, Materials Science and Engineering: A 480(1-2) (2008) 323-332.##[80] H.J. Ryu, S.I. Cha, S.H. Hong, Generalized shear-lag model for load transfer in SiC/Al metal-matrix composites, Journal of materials research 18(12) (2003) 2851-2858.##[81] J.N. Coleman, U. Khan, W.J. Blau, Y.K. Gun’ko, Small but strong: a review of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube–polymer composites, Carbon 44(9) (2006) 1624-1652.##[82] J.N. Coleman, M. Cadek, R. Blake, V. Nicolosi, K.P. Ryan, C. Belton, A. Fonseca, J.B. Nagy, Y.K. Gun’ko, W.J. Blau, High performance nanotube‐reinforced plastics: Under-standing the mechanism of strength increase, Advanced Functional Materials 14(8) (2004) 791-798.##[83] K.T. Kim, S.I. Cha, S.H. Hong, S.H. Hong, Microstructures and tensile behavior of carbon nanotube reinforced Cu matrix nanocomposites, Materials Science and Engineering: A 430(1-2) (2006) 27-33.##[84] M.-F. Yu, O. Lourie, M.J. Dyer, K. Moloni, T.F. Kelly, R.S. Ru-off, Strength and breaking mechanism of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under tensile load, Sci-ence 287(5453) (2000) 637-640.##[85] E. Sharifi Sedeh, S. Mirdamadi, F. Sharifianjazi, M. Tahriri, Synthesis and evaluation of mechanical and biological properties of scaffold prepared from Ti and Mg with different volume percent, Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry 45(7) (2015) 1087-1091.##[86] Z.Z. Fang, J.D. Paramore, P. Sun, K.S.R. Chandran, Y. Zhang, Y. Xia, F. Cao, M. Koopman, M. Free, Powder metallurgy of titanium – past, present, and future, International Materials Reviews 63(7) (2018) 407-459.##[87] A. Azarniya, M. Safavi, S. Sovizi, A. Azarniya, B. Chen, H. Madaah Hosseini, S. Ramakrishna, Metallurgical challenges in carbon nanotube-reinforced metal matrix nanocom-posites, Metals 7(10) (2017) 384.##[88] V. Yadav, S.P. Harimkar, Microstructure and proper-ties of spark plasma sintered carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composites, Ad-vanced Engineering Materials 13(12) (2011) 1128-1134.##[89] K. Morsi, A. Esawi, P. Borah, S. Lanka, A. Sayed, Characterization and spark plasma sintering of mechanically milled alumi-num-carbon nanotube (CNT) composite powders, Journal of composite materials 44(16) (2010) 1991-2003.##[90] M.S. Strano, V.C. Moore, M.K. Miller, M.J. Allen, E.H. Haroz, C. Kittrell, R.H. Hauge, R. Smalley, The role of surfactant adsorption during ultrasonication in the disper-sion of single-walled carbon nanotubes, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology 3(1-2) (2003) 81-86.##[91] J.M. Bonard, T. Stora, J.P. Salvetat, F. Maier, T. Stöckli, C. Duschl, L. Forró, W.A. de Heer, A. Châtelain, Purification and size‐selection of carbon nanotubes, Ad-vanced Materials 9(10) (1997) 827-831.##[92] R. Cross, B.A. Cola, T. Fisher, X. Xu, K. Gall, S. Graham, A metallization and bonding approach for high performance carbon nanotube thermal interface materials, Nanotechnology 21(44) (2010) 445705.##[93] E. Ghasali, Y. Orooji, H.N. Germi, Investigation on in-situ formed Al3V-Al-VC nano composite through conventional, mi-crowave and spark plasma sintering, Heliyon 5(5) (2019) e01754.##[94] M. Alizadeh, F. Shar-ifianjazi, E. Haghshenasjazi, M. Aghakhani, L. Rajabi, Production of nanosized boron oxide powder by high-energy ball milling, Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry 45(1) (2015) 11-14.##[95] F. Rikhtegar, S. Shabestari, H. Saghafian, The homogenizing of carbon nanotube dispersion in aluminium matrix nanocomposite using flake powder metallurgy and ball milling methods, Powder technology 280 (2015) 26-34.##[96] H. Izadi, A.P. Gerlich, Distribution and stability of carbon nanotubes during multi-pass friction stir processing of carbon nanotube/aluminum composites, Carbon 50(12) (2012) 4744-4749.##[97] M. Samadzadeh, M.R. Toroghinejad, The influence of carbon nanotube and roll bonding parameters on the bond strength of Al sheets, Journal of materials engineering and per-formance 23(5) (2014) 1887-1895.</REF>
          </REFRENCE>
        </REFRENCES>
      </ARTICLE>
    </ARTICLES>
  </ISCJOURNAL>
</XML>
