1 Bioactive glasses, ceramics, glass-ceramics and composites: State-of-the-art review and future challenges 1 Bioactive glasses, glass ceramics, and ceramic composites represent a transformative class of materials in regenerative medicine. The purpose of this review is to analyze the status of current developments in these bioactive materials, including their biological and mechanical properties, fabrication techniques, and clinical applications. Bioactive glasses are able to bond to both hard and soft tissues, stimulate osteogenesis, and release therapeutic ions that enhance cellular responses. Glass ceramicsoffer enhanced mechanical strength through controlled crystallization processes. Ceramic composites, incorporating bioactive components with polymers or other materials, address challenges, enabling tailored mechanical and biological properties for specific clinical applications. Despite significant progress, future challenges include optimizing mechanical properties for load-bearing applications, improving fabrication methods for complex structures like scaffolds and coatings, and exploring new compositions with therapeutic ions for enhanced bioactivity. This review underscores the potential of bioactive glasses, glass ceramics, and composites to revolutionize tissue engineering, dentistry, and medicine while identifying key challenges for advancing theirclinical utility. 1 16 Tanaz Ghasabpour School of science and health, The University of Georgia, Tbilisi Georgia tanaz.std@ug.edu.ge Fariborz Sharifianjazi Center for Advanced Materials and Structures, School of Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, P.O. Box 0171, Tbilisi Georgia f.sharifianjazi@ug.edu.ge Leila Bazli School of Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, 0171 Tbilisi Georgia leilabazli64@gmail.com Nino Tebidze School of Dental Medicine, BAU International University, Batumi Georgia nino.tebidze@bauinternational.edu.ge Matin Sorkhabi School of science and health, The University of Georgia, Tbilisi Georgia Matinsorkhabi@ug.edu.ge Bioactive glasses Glass ceramics Ceramics composites Biomaterials [1] R.D. Rawlings, Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics, Clinical materials 14(2) (1993) 155-179.##[2] P. De Aza, A. De Aza, P. Pena, S. De Aza, Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics, Boletin-Sociedad Espanola De Ceramica Y Vidrio 46(2) (2007) 45.##[3] A.R. Khan, N.S. Grewal, C. Zhou, K. Yuan, H.-J. Zhang, Z. Jun, Recent advances in biodegradable metals for implant applications: Exploring in vivo and in vitro responses, Results in Engineering 20 (2023) 101526.##[4] J. Girón, E. Kerstner, T. Medeiros, L. Oliveira, G. 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